Stravinsky's career in ballet can be divided into two main phases, although there were some minor overlaps and deviations. He achieved international recognition before the First World War through his works for Diaghilev's Ballets Russes. After Diaghilev's death in 1929, the connection continued, as Stravinsky continued to compose for and collaborate with the company even after 1920. Particularly influential was his later collaboration with the young choreographer George Balanchine, which produced masterpieces such as "Jeu de cartes" and "Orpheus" and lasted until Stravinsky's death.
The idea for "Jeu de cartes," which premiered in New York in 1937, likely arose spontaneously during a taxi ride in Paris. Although the piece lacks a clear plot, card symbols were chosen as its leitmotif. During this period, Stravinsky further developed his unmistakable neoclassical style; the music remained tonal, rhythmic, and orchestrally traditional, showing no influence from other composers. "Orpheus" also marked a significant milestone: created in close collaboration with Balanchine, it was conceived as a counterpart to "Apollo" and was a major inspiration to Lincoln Kirstein.
With "Agon," a new phase of the partnership between Stravinsky and Balanchine began. The ballet drew on historical dance forms, while the music incorporated modern and serial elements. The score, characterized by its contemporary style, captivated audiences and harmonized perfectly with Balanchine's abstract choreography. The innovative presentation and the emphasis on the moving body generated great enthusiasm. "Agon" is considered one of the most brilliant ballet creations of its time, and its thrilling performance left a lasting impression.